What does the Functional Reach Test measure and what are typical normative values for healthy older adults?

• A. Maximum forward reach distance; normative 10–12 inches
• B. Lateral sway range; normative 6–8 inches
• C. Timed forward reach; normative 15–20 seconds
• D. Heel-to-toe pacing; normative 8 steps

Answer: (A)

The functional reach test measures how far you can reach forward in a standing position with your feet planted, capturing your forward limits of stability. The distance from your starting position to your furthest forward reach reflects how much the center of mass can shift without losing balance. For healthy older adults, a typical score is about 10 to 12 inches, which suggests normal balance. Scores shorter than this can indicate reduced balance and higher fall risk, while larger reach distances show better control of the forward limits of stability. This test focuses on forward reach; other measures that involve lateral sway, timing, or gait assess different aspects of balance and mobility.