What forward reach distance is typically associated with low fall risk in older adults?

• A. 5–8 inches (12–20 cm)
• B. 10–12 inches (25–30 cm)
• C. 15–18 inches (38–46 cm)
• D. 20–24 inches (51–61 cm)

Answer: (B)

The key idea is that forward stability is assessed by how far someone can reach without stepping, using the Functional Reach principle. A reach of about ten inches or more demonstrates sufficient balance control and trunk/hip coordination to move the upper body forward while keeping the feet stationary. This level of forward displacement indicates a lower risk of falling because the person can shift their center of mass within their base of support without needing to take a step. Distances smaller than this suggest limited stability and higher fall risk, while much larger reaches are not typical in most older adults. So, ten to twelve inches (about 25–30 cm) is the range most commonly associated with low fall risk.