Which test assesses dynamic balance during gait with obstacles and turning and is sensitive to fall risk?

• A. Berg Balance Scale
• B. Dynamic Gait Index
• C. Timed Up and Go
• D. Functional Reach Test

Answer: (B)

Dynamic balance during gait with obstacles and turning is best captured by a test that truly challenges walking in varied, real-life conditions. The Dynamic Gait Index does exactly that: it adds tasks like walking with changes in speed, turning the head while walking, stepping over and around obstacles, and turning while continuing to walk. These elements require maintaining stability as the base of support shifts, vestibular and visual demands change, and motor planning adjusts for direction changes. Because performance across these diverse gait challenges correlates with fall risk, this test is particularly sensitive to who is at higher risk of falling. In contrast, static balance measures like the Berg Balance Scale focus on standing tasks, the Timed Up and Go assesses basic mobility and speed without emphasizing obstacle negotiation or turning, and the Functional Reach Test measures how far one can reach while static. Therefore, the Dynamic Gait Index best fits the scenario.